DHO Posting Day-3 : Primary Health Care

DHO Posting Day-3 : Primary Health Care (PHC)

Posted by Ooi Ying Jing.

We gathered at Dewan Melur and the briefing of Primary Health Care started at 9am by Mr. Choong.

Day 3 (25/3/12) schedule :

ž Briefing regarding primary health care

ž Visit to KK Batu Arang

ž Visit to KK Kota Kuala Muda

ž Visit Tsunami Village

ž Lunch

ž Visit Clinic 1 Malaysia, Tikam Batu

ž Adjourned

Definition of Primary Health Care :

Essential health care, Based on practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology. Made Universally accessible to individuals and families in the community by means acceptable to them.

It is the first level of contact of individuals, the family and the community with the national health system, bringing health care as close as possible to where people live and work and constitute the first element of a continuing health care process

The Malaysian Health Ministry looks forward to achieving healthy individual, family and society through health programme that is fair & just, affordable, efficient, with appropriate technology and one that caters for the need of the locals. This programme also gives importance to health promotion, health education, and the improvement of quality of life.

Mission

- To promote the involvement of the public in the health promotion and to enable the public to achieve optimal health status possible

- To value health as an asset

- To steps to further enhance and maintain health status

- To enjoy a better quality of life

- To achieve this, the ministry has come up with 8 Aims

Aims

- Wellness Focus – devoted to provide health for life

- Person Focus – focusing on one's service and ensure that the service is available on time and at placed required

- Informed Person - provide accurate information and knowledge through health education campaigns that allow a person to make decision about health

- Self Help - enhance the ability of individuals to handle their own health through knowledge care Provided at Home or Close to Home - using multimedia network in providing physical and virtual service in home or community

- Coordinated, Continuous, Seamless Care - providing integrated health care services that cover a wide range of facilities and levels of life

- Services Tailored to Individual or Group Need - special services to meet the needs of individuals or the groups in certain circumstances

- Effective, Efficient and Affordable Service - quality health services that are accessible, integrated, simple and affordable

Basic 8 Elements

- Health education

- Food supply and proper nutrition, safe water and basic sanitation

- Maternal and child care, immunization

- Family planning

- Mental health

- Prevention and control of endemic disease

- Basic treatment of health problems

- Provisions of essential drugs

Basic Health Services

- Out-patient care service, including mental health and provision of essential drug

- Food supply and proper nutrition

- Safe water and basic sanitation (BAKAS)

- Maternal and child care, including immunisation and family planning

- Home delivery and nursing

- Prevention and control of endemic diseases

- Dental care

- School health service

Additional Services With Expanded Scope

- Geriatric health care

- Adolescent health care

- Community mental health

- Occupational health

- Rehabilitative services

- Home care nursing

The Focus of PHC

- Medicine >>> Health

- Centralised >>> Distributed

- Disparate >>> Integrated

- Inequitable >>> Equitable

Primary Care Services (in 9^th Malaysia Plan)

1. Prevent and Reduce Disease Burden

- Treat the ill

- Manage those with risk

- Prevent the onset of preventable risks

2. Enhance Health Care Delivery

- Fast Access

- Safe and high quality

- Hassle-free and better comfort

To achive goal 1&2 above :

- Optimisation of Resources

Ø Multi-skilling

Ø Sharing

Ø Remote management

- Enhance Research

Ø Participate towards evidence based planning and intervention

- Manage Crisis and Disasters

Ø Increase HR capacity and capability

Ø Adequate and appropriate facilities

Ø ‘Current’ protocols for management

- Strengthen Health Information MS

Ø Reduce repetitive request

Ø Increase safety through reducing error

Ø Enhance sharing of data and info facilitate continuity of care

Current Challenges

- High load of patients to doctor

- Increasing scope of services

- Lack of building space and equipment

- Poor maintenance

- Increasing demands by clients

After briefing… Survey forms

- Mr. Choong showed us survey form for adolescent, adult (male & female), geriatric, mental status screening.

- Used in school camp or activities held in klinik kesihatan.

- To screen mental and physical health of various age group, so that early preventive measures can be done to enhance health status of community.

Klinik Kesihatan Batu Arang

- New center, built in 2010.

- Type 3 model – 400-500 patients/day

- SMO – 1

FMP – 1

JMO – 4

- Department:

Ø Xray

Ø ED

Ø LAB

Ø Dental dep

Ø OPD

Ø Pharmacy

Ø MCH

Ø Breast feeding counselling

Ø Baby bay

Has self-monitoring area :

- Has tools for measurement of :

Ø Weight

Ø Height

Ø Blood pressure

- Educate patients :

Ø How to use the electronic sphygmomanometer correctly

Ø How to calculate BMI

Ø Information about hypertension

Klinik Kesihatan Kota Kuala Muda

- Forces

Ø 1 MO

Ø 1 Lab assistant

Ø 2 pharmacist

Ø 1 MA

Ø 1 driver

Ø Nurses ??

Ø Every 2 weeks a specialist will come.

- Outpatient

Ø Receives about 100 patient’s per day

Ø The only KK where MCH and General Outpatient Clinic are SEPARATED in Malaysia

Tsunami Village - Taman Permatang Katong

- Tsunami attack Kota Kuala Muda at 2004.

- The construction of the housing area took 3 years to be completed.

- Infrastructures :

Ø Multipurpose hall

Ø Playground

Ø Mosque

- There is a siren at 2-3km away from the tsunami village.

- Tsunami detector : Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunami (dart buoys).

- On 2011, there was a evacuation drill.

- The Malaysian Meteorological Department at Kuala Lumpur on the siren, then the villagers evacuated the seaside to the multipurpose hall at tsunami village.

- Tsunami memorandum : Built by using the spoiled boats caused by the Tsunami.