DHO Posting Day-3 : Primary Health Care (PHC)
Posted by Ooi Ying Jing.
We
gathered at Dewan Melur and the briefing of Primary Health Care started at 9am by Mr. Choong.
Day 3 (25/3/12) schedule :
ž Briefing regarding primary health care
ž Visit to KK Batu Arang
ž Visit to KK Kota Kuala Muda
ž Visit Tsunami Village
ž Lunch
ž Visit Clinic 1 Malaysia, Tikam Batu
ž Adjourned
Definition of Primary Health Care :
Essential
health care, Based on practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable
methods and technology. Made Universally accessible to individuals and families
in the community by means acceptable to them.
It
is the first level of contact of individuals, the family and the community with
the national health system, bringing health care as close as possible to where
people live and work and constitute the first element of a continuing health
care process
The
Malaysian Health Ministry looks forward to achieving healthy individual, family
and society through health programme that is fair & just, affordable,
efficient, with appropriate technology and one that caters for the need of the
locals. This programme also gives importance to health promotion, health
education, and the improvement of quality of life.
Mission
-
To promote the involvement of the public in the health promotion and to
enable the public to achieve optimal health status possible
-
To value health as an asset
-
To steps to further enhance and maintain health status
-
To enjoy a better quality of life
-
To achieve this, the ministry has come up with 8 Aims
Aims
-
Wellness Focus – devoted to provide health for life
-
Person Focus – focusing on one's service and ensure that the service is
available on time and at placed required
-
Informed Person - provide accurate information and knowledge through health
education campaigns that allow a person to make decision about health
-
Self Help - enhance the ability of individuals to handle their own health
through knowledge care Provided at Home or Close to Home - using multimedia
network in providing physical and virtual service in home or community
-
Coordinated, Continuous, Seamless Care - providing integrated health care services
that cover a wide range of facilities and levels of life
-
Services Tailored to Individual or Group Need - special services to meet the needs
of individuals or the groups in certain circumstances
-
Effective, Efficient and Affordable Service - quality health services that are
accessible, integrated, simple and affordable
Basic 8 Elements
-
Health education
-
Food supply and proper nutrition, safe water and basic sanitation
-
Maternal and child care, immunization
-
Family planning
-
Mental health
-
Prevention and control of endemic disease
-
Basic treatment of health problems
-
Provisions of essential drugs
Basic Health Services
-
Out-patient care service, including mental health and provision of
essential drug
-
Food supply and proper nutrition
-
Safe water and basic sanitation (BAKAS)
-
Maternal and child care, including immunisation and family planning
-
Home delivery and nursing
-
Prevention and control of endemic diseases
-
Dental care
-
School health service
Additional Services With Expanded Scope
-
Geriatric health care
-
Adolescent health care
-
Community mental health
-
Occupational health
-
Rehabilitative services
-
Home care nursing
The
Focus of PHC
-
Medicine >>> Health
-
Centralised >>>
Distributed
-
Disparate >>> Integrated
-
Inequitable >>> Equitable
Primary Care Services (in 9th Malaysia
Plan)
1. Prevent and Reduce Disease Burden
-
Treat the ill
-
Manage those with risk
-
Prevent the onset of preventable risks
2. Enhance Health Care Delivery
-
Fast Access
-
Safe and high quality
-
Hassle-free and better comfort
To achive goal 1&2 above :
-
Optimisation of Resources
Ø Multi-skilling
Ø Sharing
Ø Remote management
-
Enhance Research
Ø Participate towards evidence based
planning and intervention
-
Manage Crisis and Disasters
Ø Increase HR capacity and capability
Ø Adequate and appropriate facilities
Ø ‘Current’ protocols for management
-
Strengthen Health Information MS
Ø Reduce repetitive request
Ø Increase safety through reducing error
Ø Enhance sharing of data and info
facilitate continuity of care
Current Challenges
-
High load of patients to doctor
-
Increasing scope of services
-
Lack of building space and
equipment
-
Poor maintenance
-
Increasing demands by clients
After briefing… Survey forms
-
Mr. Choong showed us survey form for adolescent, adult (male &
female), geriatric, mental status screening.
-
Used in school camp or activities held in klinik kesihatan.
- To screen mental and physical health of
various age group, so that early preventive measures can be done to enhance
health status of community.
Klinik
Kesihatan Batu Arang
- New center, built in 2010.
- Type 3 model – 400-500 patients/day
- SMO – 1
FMP – 1
JMO – 4
- Department:
Ø Xray
Ø ED
Ø LAB
Ø Dental dep
Ø OPD
Ø Pharmacy
Ø MCH
Ø Breast feeding counselling
Ø Baby bay
Has self-monitoring area :
-
Has tools for measurement of :
Ø Weight
Ø Height
Ø Blood pressure
-
Educate patients :
Ø How to use the electronic sphygmomanometer
correctly
Ø How to calculate BMI
Ø Information about hypertension
Klinik
Kesihatan Kota Kuala Muda
-
Forces
Ø 1 MO
Ø 1 Lab assistant
Ø 2 pharmacist
Ø 1 MA
Ø 1 driver
Ø Nurses ??
Ø Every 2 weeks a specialist will come.
-
Outpatient
Ø Receives about 100 patient’s per day
Ø The only KK where MCH and General
Outpatient Clinic are SEPARATED in Malaysia
Tsunami Village - Taman Permatang Katong
-
Tsunami attack Kota Kuala Muda at 2004.
-
The construction of the housing area took 3 years to be completed.
-
Infrastructures :
Ø Multipurpose hall
Ø Playground
Ø Mosque
-
There is a siren at 2-3km away from the tsunami village.
-
Tsunami detector : Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunami (dart
buoys).
-
On 2011, there was a evacuation
drill.
-
The Malaysian Meteorological Department at Kuala Lumpur on the
siren, then the villagers evacuated the seaside to the multipurpose hall at
tsunami village.
-
Tsunami memorandum : Built by using the spoiled boats
caused by the Tsunami.
Klinik Satu Malaysia (One Malaysia Clinic)
There
are 2 Klink Satu Malaysia in Kuala Muda district :
-
Tikam Batu (2010)
-
Bandar Puteri Jaya (2012)
Has
MA and staff nurse.
But
in Klinik Satu Malaysia Bandar Puteri Jaya, there is more than 100
patients/day, so it is upgraded and a senior MO is placed there.
Service
hours : 10am-10pm
